Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live longer than men and how is this difference growing over time? The evidence is limited and we're left with only limited solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological, and environmental factors which play a significant role in women living longer than men, we don't know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We have learned that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For زيوت تطويل الشعر, click the next post, example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl in every country can be expected to live for longer than her brothers.

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be significant. In Russia, women live 10 years more than males. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was smaller in countries with higher incomes that it is today.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy when they were born in the US in the years 1790-2014. Two points stand زيوت تطويل الشعر out.

First, there is an upward trend. Both men and women in the US live much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is a widening gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small however it increased dramatically over the course of the last century.

You can check if the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.