Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women live longer than men? Why the advantage has grown over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach an informed conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; but we don't know exactly how strong the relative contribution of each factor is.

Independently of the exact weight, we know that a large portion of the reason women live so much longer than men do today however not as in the past, has to have to do with the fact that certain fundamental non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can expect to live longer than her brothers.

This chart is interesting in that it shows that, while the advantage for women exists in all countries, country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men, while in Bhutan the difference is less than half a year.

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In rich countries the women's advantage in longevity was smaller
Let's examine how the female advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The chart below shows male and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور female life expectancies at the time of birth in the US in the years 1790 until 2014. Two areas stand out.

There is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was once tiny but it has risen significantly over time.

Using the option 'Change country from the chart, you can confirm that the two points are applicable to other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.