Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live more than men do today and why is this difference growing in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, but we don't know exactly how strong the relative contribution of each factor is.

In spite of how much number of pounds, we know that at least a portion of the reason women live longer than men however not as in the past, has to do with the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام - glorynote.com wrote in a blog post, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

It is interesting to note that the advantage of women exists everywhere, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of only half a year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was less in countries with higher incomes as compared to the present.
We will now examine the way that female advantages in longevity has changed over time. The next chart plots the male and female lifespans at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Men and women in the US live a lot, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is a widening gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be very modest however it increased dramatically in the past century.

If you select the option "Change country in the chart, you are able to check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.