Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men? What is the reason is this difference growing in the past? The evidence is limited and we only have partial answers. We know there are biological, behavioral as well as environmental factors that all play a role in the longevity of women over males, it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much number of pounds, we know that at a minimum, the reason women live so much longer than men, but not in the past, has to have to do with the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her brother.

Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women have a longer life span than men; in Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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In wealthy countries, the advantage of women in longevity was not as great.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below shows men and women's life expectancies when they were born in the US from 1790 until 2014. Two specific points stand out.

There is an upward trend: Men and women in the US are living much, تحاميل مهبلية much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is a widening gap: The female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be quite small, but it grew substantially in the past century.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.