Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men and ابر التخسيس how is this difference growing over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have limited answers. Although we know that there are biological, ابر التخسيس behavioral and environmental factors that play an integral role in women who live longer than men, we don't know what percentage each factor plays in.

We know that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. However this isn't due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from every country could be expected to live for longer than her older brother.

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women exists across all countries, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

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In the richer countries, the advantage of women in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Both men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an increasing gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used to be quite small however it increased dramatically over the course of the last century.

You can check if these principles are also applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.