Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And why has this advantage gotten larger as time passes? The evidence is sketchy and we're left with only limited solutions. Although we know that there are biological, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور psychological, and environmental factors which play a significant role in women living longer than men, we don't know how much each one contributes.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But it is not due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her brothers.

This chart illustrates that, even though women enjoy an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the gap is only half a year.

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In countries with high incomes, the longevity advantage for ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور women used to be smaller
Let's now look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The next chart plots the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Both genders in America have longer lives than they used to 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was tiny but it has risen significantly over time.

It is possible to verify that these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.