Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women live longer than men? And اوضاع الجماع; click through the next internet site, why has this advantage gotten larger as time passes? There isn't much evidence and we're left with only incomplete solutions. While we are aware that there are biological, psychological, and environmental factors which all play a part in women who live longer than men, we do not know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of the precise amount, we can say that at a minimum, the reason why women live so much longer than men in the present however not as in the past, is to relate to the fact that certain important non-biological aspects have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in all countries can anticipate to live longer than her younger brother.

The chart below shows that although women have an advantage everywhere, cross-country differences are often significant. In Russia, women live 10 years more than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of less than half a calendar year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was smaller in rich countries that it is today.
Let's look at how the advantage of women in longevity has changed with time. The following chart shows the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two aspects stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women in America live longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the female advantage in life expectancy used to be very small It has significantly increased over time.

It is possible to verify that these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.