Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? And why does this benefit increase as time passes? The evidence isn't conclusive and we're only able to provide some answers. While we are aware that there are biological, behavioral, and environmental factors that all play a role in the longevity of women over males, العاب زوجية it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We know that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. However this isn't due to the fact that certain non-biological aspects have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal parity line ; this means that in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart shows that, العاب زوجية although women have an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be substantial. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half one year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
The female advantage in life expectancy was smaller in rich countries as compared to the present.
Let's now look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancies at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was once very small It has significantly increased in the past.

You can check if these are applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.