Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men and how has this advantage increased over time? The evidence is limited and we're only able to provide some solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological and environmental variables which play a significant role in women's longevity more than males, we aren't sure how much each factor اوضاع الجماع (just click the following website) contributes.

In spite of how much weight, we know that at least a portion of the reason why women live longer than men do today, but not in the past, is to do with the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl in every country can be expected to live for longer than her brother.

This graph shows that even though women enjoy an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries are often significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than males; while in Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

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In rich countries the female advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at birth in the US in the years 1790-2014. Two specific points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Both men as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was quite small It has significantly increased with time.

It is possible to verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.