Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And why the advantage has grown as time passes? The evidence is limited and we're only able to provide some solutions. Although we know that there are biological, psychological as well as environmental factors that all play a role in women living longer than men, we do not know what percentage each factor plays in.

We have learned that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. But this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological aspects have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for افضل شامبو وبلسم survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can expect to live longer than her younger brother.

This chart is interesting in that it shows that although the female advantage exists in all countries, country-specific differences are huge. In Russia, women live 10 years more than men. In Bhutan, the difference is only half a year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was less in developed countries than it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below illustrates the male and female life expectancy at the time of birth in the US during the period 1790 until 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. as well as women in the US are living much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increasing gap: The female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be extremely small however it increased dramatically over the last century.

You can confirm that these principles are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.