Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? And why has this advantage gotten larger over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an absolute conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, but we don't know exactly how significant the impact of each one of these factors is.

It is known that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. However, this is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - which means that in every country baby girls can expect to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women is present everywhere, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور country-specific differences are huge. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan, the difference is less than half a calendar year.

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In wealthy countries, the advantage of women in longevity was smaller
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancies at the birth in the US during the period 1790 until 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both men and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be very small, but it grew substantially over the course of the last century.

Using the option 'Change country by country' in the chart, you can verify that these two points apply to other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.