Why Do Women Have Longer Lives Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? What is the reason is this difference growing in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't strong enough to make an informed conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women are healthier than men; however, we aren't sure how strong the relative contribution of each one of these factors is.

In spite of the precise number of pounds, we know that a large portion of the reason why women live so much longer than men in the present, but not previously, has to be due to the fact that some fundamental non-biological factors have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in all countries can expect to live longer than her brother.

Interestingly, علامات الحمل بولد [Going at Glorynote] this chart shows that the advantage of women exists across all countries, the global differences are significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half a year.

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In wealthy countries, the female advantage in longevity was smaller
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart plots the life expectancy of males and females at birth in the US between 1790 and علامات الحمل بولد 2014. Two points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. as well as women in the US are living much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

And second, there is an increasing gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used to be quite small, but it grew substantially over the course of the last century.

Using the option 'Change country from the chart, you are able to determine if these two points are applicable to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.