Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men, and why is this difference growing in the past? The evidence is limited and we have only limited answers. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral and environmental variables that all play a role in women's longevity more than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

We have learned that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. However it is not because of certain non-biological aspects have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, علامات الحمل بولد especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line , which means that in every country that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that while the female advantage exists in all countries, difference between countries is huge. In Russia, women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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In the richer countries, the female advantage in longevity was not as great.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart compares the male and علامات الحمل بولد female lifespans when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two aspects stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was quite small however, it has grown significantly with time.

It is possible to verify that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.