Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men and why has this advantage increased in the past? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have partial answers. We know there are behavioral, biological, and environmental factors that all play a role in women's longevity more than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

It is known that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However, العاب زوجية this is not because of certain non-biological aspects have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is over the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl from any country can be expected to live for العاب زوجية longer than her brothers.

This chart shows that, although women have an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries can be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the gap is less that half a year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
The advantage of women in life expectancy was less in rich countries as compared to the present.
Let's examine how the female advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Both genders in America live longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be quite small, but it grew substantially over the last century.

When you click on the option "Change country' on the chart, you can determine if these two points apply to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.