Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And how does this benefit increase over time? The evidence is sketchy and we're left with only incomplete solutions. We know there are biological, psychological, and environmental factors that play an integral role in women who live longer than males, we aren't sure how much each factor contributes.

We have learned that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. However this is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line - which means that in every country the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart illustrates that, while there is a female advantage everywhere, cross-country differences could be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men; in Bhutan the difference is just half each year.

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In rich countries the longevity advantage for تحاميل مهبلية (have a peek at this site) women was not as great.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below illustrates the male and تحاميل مهبلية female life expectancy when they were born in the US from 1790-2014. Two specific points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was once very small It has significantly increased in the past.

When you click on the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you will be able to confirm that the two points also apply to other countries that have available data: Sweden, France and the UK.