Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live more than men do today, and why does this benefit increase over time? The evidence is sketchy and we're only able to provide incomplete answers. We know there are behavioral, biological, and environmental factors which play a significant role in the longevity of women over men, we don't know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We are aware that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However this isn't due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line ; this means in all countries baby girls can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart above shows that the advantage of women exists in all countries, كيفية إقامة علاقة بالصور (https://glorynote.com/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%82%D9%88%D9%81/) country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men; in Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was less in rich countries as compared to the present.
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US in the years 1790 until 2014. Two areas stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was tiny It has significantly increased over time.

You can verify that these points are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.