Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men in the present, and اوضاع الجماع why have these advantages gotten bigger over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; however, we do not know how strong the relative contribution of each factor is.

In spite of the precise amount, we can say that at a minimum, the reason women live so much longer than men however not as in the past, has to be due to the fact that several significant non-biological elements have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal line of parity - this means in all countries the newborn girl is likely to live longer than a newborn boy.1

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women exists everywhere, اوضاع الجماع the global differences are significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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In rich countries the female advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart plots the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was tiny but it has risen significantly over time.

You can verify that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.